Black Sarawak Pepper from Malaysia, 200 g

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Alfonso is indigenous to Sarawak; his family are Iban, or Sea Dayaks, one of the seven main indigenous groups of Borneo. Their forefathers would have been headhunters, but that’s another story. Wendy Hutton (2000). Adventure Guides: East Malaysia. Tuttle Publishing. pp.31–57. ISBN 978-962-593-180-7 . Retrieved 26 May 2013. So where does pepper really come from? It comes from hot, tropical landscapes. It comes from Subang’s small family farm upriver from Kapit, Sarawak, where pepper prices have dropped so much she is farming less and less. It comes from the Parameswaran family farm in Thiruelly, Kerala, where they have been farming for 35 years and hand harvest just as berries ripen. The answer feels infinite, but ultimately pepper comes from people and communities. a b Faulkner, Neil (7 November 2003). Niah Cave, Sarawak, Borneo. Current World Archaeology Issue 2. Archived from the original on 23 March 2015 . Retrieved 23 March 2015.

Anthony Brooke". The Daily Telegraph. 6 March 2011. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 . Retrieved 3 November 2015. Vote-buying, treating, illegal campaigning mars Sarawak polls, says Bersih 2.0". Aliran. 17 May 2016. Archived from the original on 27 May 2016 . Retrieved 18 June 2017.R.S, Milne; K.J, Ratnam (2014). Malaysia: New States in a New Nation. Routledge. p.71. ISBN 978-1-135-16061-6 . Retrieved 14 November 2015. ...the major parties in each state fall quite neatly into three categories: native-non-Muslim, native-Muslim, and non-native. In comparison to the number of other medical facilities, mental health is only serviced by a single facility, Hospital Sentosa. [255] This abundance of medical services has made Sarawak a medical tourism destination for visitors from neighbouring Brunei and Indonesia. [256] Subnational Human Development Index (2.1) [Sarawak – Malaysia]". Global Data Lab of Institute for Management Research, Radboud University . Retrieved 12 November 2018.

Because of its natural resources, Sarawak specialises in the export of oil and gas, timber and palm oil, but also possesses strong manufacturing, energy and tourism sectors. It is ethnically, culturally, religiously and linguistically diverse; ethnic groups including Iban, Chinese, Malay, Bidayuh, Melanau, Orang Ulu, Indian, Eurasian and Kedayan. [19] English and Malay are the two official languages of the state; [20] [21] there is no official religion. [22] [23] Etymology [ edit ] The rhinoceros hornbill is the state bird of Sarawak. Also, 96 planters had received Skim Tanaman Lada Baharu (STLB) with total allocation of RM3.3 million and 250 planters enjoyed benefits from the Skim Tanaman Lada Matang (STLM) with allocation of RM4.2 million, he added. In comparison to the prevalence of health services in urban regions, much of rural Sarawak is only accessible by river transport, which limits access. [257] Remote rural areas that are beyond the operating areas of health clinics, about 12km (7.5mi), [258] and inaccessible by land or river are serviced by a monthly flying doctor service, which was established in 1973. [259]Ooi, Keat Gin (2004). Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor. ABC-CLIO. p.763. ISBN 9781576077702 . Retrieved 27 June 2017.

Sarawak State Anthem". Sarawak Government. Archived from the original on 7 September 2015 . Retrieved 12 January 2016. With expansion came the need for efficient governance and thus, beginning in 1841, Sarawak was separated into the first of its administrative divisions [56] with currency, the Sarawak dollar, beginning circulation in 1858. [57] By 1912, a total of five divisions had been established in Sarawak, each headed by a Resident. [56] The Brooke family generally practised a paternalistic form of government with minimal bureaucracy, but were pressured to establish some form of legal framework. Since they were unfamiliar with local customs, the Brooke government created an advisory Supreme Council, mostly consisting of Malay chiefs, to provide guidance. This council is the oldest state legislative assembly in Malaysia, with the first General Council meeting taking place at Bintulu in 1867. [58] In 1928, a Judicial Commissioner, Thomas Stirling Boyd, was appointed as the first legally trained judge. A similar system relating to matters concerning various Chinese communities was also formed. [59] Members of the local community were encouraged by the Brooke regime to focus on particular functions within the territory: the Ibans and other Dayak people were hired as militia while Malays were primarily administrators. Chinese, both local and immigrant, were mostly employed in plantations, [60] mines and as bureaucrats. [59] Expanding trade led to the formation of the Borneo Company Limited in 1856. The company was involved in a wide range of businesses in Sarawak including trade, banking, agriculture, mineral exploration, and development. [61] Territorial expansion of the Raj of Sarawak from 1841 to 1905 played a significant role to the present-day boundaries of the modern state of Sarawak.On 26 November 2015, it was announced that the Kuching Division district of Serian would become Sarawak's 12th division and it had officiated by Adenan Satem at its formal creation on 11 April 2015. [122] Although Islam is the official religion of Malaysia, Sarawak has no official state religion. [324] However, during the chieftainship of Abdul Rahman Ya'kub, the Constitution of Sarawak was amended to make the Yang di-Pertuan Agong as the head of Islam in Sarawak and empower the state assembly to pass laws regarding Islamic affairs. With such provisions, Islamic policies can be formulated in Sarawak and the establishment of Islamic state agencies is possible. The 1978 Majlis Islam Bill enabled the setting up of Syariah Courts in Sarawak with jurisdictions over matrimonial, child custody, betrothal, inheritance, and criminal cases in the state. An appeals court and Courts of Kadi were also formed. [103] [note 10] Trust and Non-self governing territories". United Nations. Archived from the original on 3 May 2011 . Retrieved 2 April 2016. Postal codes in Sarawak". cybo.com. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019 . Retrieved 23 July 2015. Wendy Hutton (2000). Adventure Guides: East Malaysia. Tuttle Publishing. p.30. ISBN 978-962-593-180-7.